Dosiomics-based prediction of incidence of radiation pneumonitis in lung cancer patients / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To explore the potential of dosiomics in predicting the incidence of radiation pneumonitis by extracting dosiomic features of definitive radiotherapy for lung cancer, and building a machine learning model.Methods:The clinical data, dose files of radiotherapy, planning CT and follow-up CT of 314 patients with lung cancer undergoing definitive radiotherapy were collected retrospectively. According to the clinical data and follow-up CT, the radiation pneumonia was graded, and the dosiomic features of the whole lung were extracted to establish a machine learning model. Dosiomic features associated with radiation pneumonia by LASSO-LR with 1000 bootstrap and AIC backward method with 1000 bootstraps were selected. Training cohort and validation cohort were randomly divided on the basis of 7:3.Logistic regression was used to establish the prediction model, and ROC curve and calibration curve were adopted to evaluate the performance of the model.Results:A total of 120 dosiomic features were extracted. After LASSO-LR dimensionality reduction, 12 features were selected into the "feature pool".After AIC, 6 dosiomic features were finally selected for model construction. The AUC of training cohort was 0.77(95% CI: 0.65 to 0.87), and the AUC of validation cohort was 0.72 (95% CI: 0.64 to 0.81). Conclusion:The dosiomics prediction model has the potential to predict the incidence of radiation pneumonia, but it still needs to include multicenter data and prospective data.

Study of application of radiomics model in predicting radiation pneumontis in patients with lung cancer and esophageal cancer / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To analyze and explore the common radiomics features of radiation pneumonitis (RP) in patients with lung cancer and esophageal cancer, and then establish a prediction model that can predict the occurrence of RP in two types of cancer after radiotherapy.Methods:Clinical data of 100 patients with stage Ⅲ lung cancer and 100 patients with stage Ⅲ esophageal cancer who received radical radiotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. The RP was graded by imaging data and clinical information during follow-up, and the planning CT images were collected. The whole lung was used as the volume of interest to extract radiomics features. The radiomics features, clinical and dosimetric parameters related to RP were analyzed, and the model was constructed by machine learning.Results:A total of 1691 radiomics features were extracted from CT images. After ANOVA and LASSO dimensionality reduction in lung cancer and esophageal cancer patients, 8 and 6 radiomics features associated with RP were identified, and 5 of them were the same. Using the random forest to construct the prediction model, lung cancer and esophageal cancer were alternately used as the training and validation sets. The AUC values of esophageal cancer and lung cancer as the independent validation set were 0.662 and 0.645.Conclusions:It is feasible to construct a common prediction model of RP in patients with lung cancer and esophageal cancer. Nevertheless, it is necessary to further expand the sample size and include clinical and dosimetric parameters to increase its accuracy, stability and generalization ability.

Meta-analysis of the incidence of radiation pneumonitis between European, American and Asian populations / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To compare the incidence of radiation pneumonitis (RP) between lung cancer patients from the European, American and Asian regions.Methods:The studies related to lung cancer and RP were searched from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library. According to the different places where the studies were conducted, the searched studies were divided into two types: Asian studies and European, American and Australian studies. The incidence of RP between two regions was summarized. Studies related to dosimetry parameters were searched from PubMed database.Results:A total of 3, 190 patients from 14studies were included. Meta-analysis results showed that the incidence of ≥ grade 3 RP was similar in patients from Asia and Europe, America and Australia (4.9% vs. 4.6%, P=0.895), whereas the incidence of grade 5 RP in Asia was significantly higher than that in Europe, America and Australia (1.5% vs. 0.2%, P=0.002). Moreover, the lung irradiation dose received by the patients in the Asian group was relatively low. Lung V 20Gy dose limitation standard was reported in 21studies. Further analysis found no statistical significance in lung V 20Gy dose limitation standard between two regions ( P=0.440), and the standard in Asian studies is likely to be even stricter. Conclusions:The incidence of RP after chemoradiotherapy in lung cancer patients in Asia is relatively higher compared with those in Europe, America and Australia. The differences in dose limitation standard should be noted when the thoracic radiation regimen based solely on the data from foreign studies is applied to the patients in Asia.

Simultaneous Determination of 7 Anti-rheumatic Active Ingredients in Mongolian Medicine Sendeng- 4 Decoction Powder by HPLC-DAD / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To establish a method for simultaneous determination of 7 kinds of anti-rheumatic active ingredients in Mongolian medicine Sendeng-4 decoction powder， such as catechin， jasminoidin， dihydromyricetin， texifolin， rutin， myricetin and quercetin. METHODS： HPLC-DAD method was adopted. The determination was performed on Sil Green C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.1％ phosphoric acid solution （gradient elution） at the flow rate of 1 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 238 nm， and column temperature was 30 ℃. The sample size was 10 μL. RESULTS： The linear range of catechin， jasminoidin， dihydromyricetin， texifolin， rutin， myricetin and quercetin were 8.590-2 290， 10.56-3 901， 13.00-3 958， 8.815-564.2， 4.030-257.8， 8.130-750.5， 7.075-454.2 μg/mL （r≥0.999 1）， respectively； the limits of detection were 0.429 5，  0.264 0， 0.325 0， 0.220 4， 0.201 5， 0.203 2， 0.176 9 μg/mL， respectively； the limits of quantification were 1.030， 1.321， 1.302， 1.397， 1.637， 0.813 0， 0.707 5 μg/mL， respectively. RSDs of precision， stability （48 h） and repetition tests were all lower than 2.0％ （n＝6）. The average recoveries were 96.24％-99.28％ （RSD＝1.03％-1.63％， n＝6）. CONCLUSIONS： The established method is simple， accurate and reproducible， and can be used for simultaneous determination of catechin， jasminoidin， dihydromyricetin， texifolin， rutin， myricetin and quercetin in Mongolian medicine Sendeng-4 decoction powder.

Cordycepin promotes browning of white adipose tissue through an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent pathway

Obesity is a worldwide epidemic. Promoting browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) contributes to increased energy expenditure and hence counteracts obesity. Here we show that cordycepin (Cpn), a natural derivative of adenosine, increases energy expenditure, inhibits weight gain, improves metabolic profile and glucose tolerance, decreases WAT mass and adipocyte size, and enhances cold tolerance in normal and high-fat diet-fed mice. Cpn markedly increases the surface temperature around the inguinal WAT and turns the inguinal fat browner. Further investigations show that Cpn induces the development of brown-like adipocytes in inguinal and, to a less degree, epididymal WAT depots. Cpn also increases the expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and other thermogenic genes in WAT and 3T3-L1 differentiated adipocytes, in which AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays an important role. Our results provide novel insights into the function of Cpn in regulating energy balance, and suggest a potential utility of Cpn in the treatment of obesity.

Determination of the Entrapment Efficiency and Drug Loading Capacity of Curcumin and Quercetin Loaded Self-microemulsifying Drug Delivery System / 中国药师

Objective:To establish an HPLC method to determine the entrapment efficiency (EE) and drug loading (DL) of curcumin (CUR)and quercetin (QUE)loaded self-microemulsifying drug delivery system.Methods:A centrifugation method was used to isolate the free drug.The content of drug was determined by HPLC.The analytical column was a Purospher STAR LP C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) and the column temperature was 30 ℃.The mobile phase was acetonitrile-4% acetic acid (50∶50) and the flow rate was 1.0 ml·min-1.The UV detection wavelength was set at 370 nm and the injection volume was 10 μl.Results:CUR and QUE were linear within the range of 10.728-96.552 μg·ml-1 (r=0.999 8) and 1.08-9.72 μg·ml-1 (r=0.999 9),respectively.The average recovery was 99.98%(RSD=1.46%,n=9) and 100.34%(RSD=1.06%,n=9),respectively.In CUR-QUE-SMEDDS,the EE of curcumin and quercetin was (95.97±0.50)% and (95.91±2.52)%,and the DL was (25.82±0.15) mg·g-1 and (1.80±0.05)mg·g-1,respectively.Conclusion:The method is accurate,rapid and simple,and suitable for the determination of DL and EE in CUR-QUE-SMEDDS.

Preparation and Quality Evaluation of Negatively Charged Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System of Curcumin / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

The aim of the study was to prepare and evaluate the quality of negatively charged selfmicroemulsifying drug delivery system of curcumin (NC-CUR-SMEDDS).Based on the CUR-SMEDDS,the optimum amount of excipients was confirmed by the single-factor design experiment taking mean particle size,Zeta potential,drug entrapment efficiency and the drug loadings of curcumin as the evaluation indices for the preparation of NC-CUR-SMEDDS.The quality of NC-CUR-SMEDDS was evaluated by observing its appearance status,transmission electron microscope micrographs and determining particle diameter,Zeta electric potential,drug entrapment efficiency and drug loading.As a result,it was found that the Zeta potential reached -43.43 ± 0.29 mV when 4％ docusate sodium was added.The appearance of NC-CUR-SMEDDS remained clarified and transparent,and the microemulsion droplets appeared spherical without aggregation with uniform particle size distribution.The mean particle size was 14.08 ± 0.082 nm,the drug loading of curcumin was 26.48 mg·g-t and the drug entrapment efficiency was 94.12％.It was concluded that NC-CUR-SMEDDS with high entrapment efficiency and uniform particle size distribution met the requirement of inflammatory target binding in the colon.

Retrocaval ureter (report of 21 cases) / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To present the experience of diagnosis and treatment of 21 cases of retrocaval ureter. Methods 21 cases of retrocaval ureter were retrospectively analysed. Results The main clinical symptom was right waist pain in 20 cases,4 of them with typical renal colic.8 cases had gross hematuria and calculus in the renal pelvis.1 case was void of symptom.The diagnosis of the disease depended mainly on intravenous urography (IVU) and retrograde ureteropyelography (RGU).IVU and RGU showed a "S" shaped upper ureteral segment with dilatation. Ureteral replacement and ureteroplasty were carried out in 20 cases which have been followed up from 2 months to 28 years with an average of 13 years.The symptom disappeared in 19 cases,with hydronephrosis and hydroureter significantly reduced on IVU and ultrasonography.1 case underwent ureteral reanastomosis because of stenosis at anastomosis site. Conclusions In patients with hydronephrosis and hydroureterosis of upper segment on the right side,the possibility of retrocaval ureter should be considered.Intravenous urography and retrograde ureteropyelography are the main means of diagnosis.Ureteral replacement and ureteroplasty are the treatment of choice.

Diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous perirenal hemorrhage(report of 31 cases) / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To study the diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous perirenal hemorrhage(SPH). Methods The clinical data of 31 cases of SPH were reviewed retrospectively.In the 31 cases,flank pain,flank mass,shock,gross hematuria,abdominal bleeding occured in 31,10,8,3 and 3 cases,respectively.The final diagnosis was established on CT scan,B-ultrasonography and IVU were 18,22 and 7 cases. Results In 31 cases,nephrectomy were performed in 18,radical nephrectomy in 1 case,nephron spare surgery in 4,renal artery embolization in 2,inspiration and drainage of hemorrage in 1 and careful watching in 5 cases.There were 11 cases of angiomyolipoma,6 renal cyst,4 of renal cell carcinoma,3 infectious diseases,2 aneurysm of renal artery and 2 hydronephrosis. Conclusions The clinical presentation may vary greatly depending on the degree and duration of bleeding,and the severe pain in the upper abdomen of abrupt onset is the common sign and symptom.The spontaneous rupture of renal cell carcinoma and angiomyolipoma are the most common cause of SPH.CT scan and B-ultrasonography are the most valuable in the diagnosis of SPH.It is demanded that management of SPH depends on the histopathology and the degree of bleeding.

Single-dose instillations of epirubicin as prophylaxis for recurrence of superficial bladder tumors:a prospective randomized controlled study / 中华泌尿外科杂志

0.05).Side effects of group D were greater than other groups(? 2, P

A retrospective study of 20 cases of erectile dysfunction treated by domestic made penile prosthesis implantation / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the domestic made penile prosthesis for the management of erectile dysfunction. Methods The domestic made three piece inflatable prosthesis has been implanted to 20 ED patients from 1997 to 2001. Results The overall complication rate was 20% (4/20), nonmechanical in 4 (20%) and there has been no mechanical complication.Infection after operation occurred in 1 case (5%). The penile prosthesis penetrated out in 3(15%). Conclusions The mechanical function and concealment have been significantly improved with the domestic made three piece inflatable penile prosthesis.

Primary carcinoid tumor of the urinary bladder(report of 4 cases) / 中华泌尿外科杂志

ObjectiveTo present 4 cases of primary c ar cinoid tumor of urinary bladder and to discuss the characteristics,diagnosis,tre atment and prognosis.MethodsA retrospective study of p athological and clinical data of 4 cases of primary bladder carcinoid tumor was made.Three were male patients and 1 female with an average age of 58.Two cases w ere considered as benign carcinoid tumor whereas the other 2 carcinoid of high malignancy.All of them presented macroscopic or microscopic hematuria but with no carcinoid syndrome noted.ResultsOne case of maligna nt carcinoid tumor with deep muscle invasion underwent radical cystoprostatectom y and adjurvent chemotherapy,but the prognosis was poor (died 5 months after the operation).Transurethral resection were performed for 2 cases of benign carcino id tumor and 1 case of focal malignant carcinoid with good prognosis.ConclusionsThe primary carcinoid tumor of urinary bladder has no specific symptoms,and should be diagnosised on histopathologic studies.Surgical intervention is the mainstay to treat the disease but the prognosis is hard to b e predicted.

Quality standard of Shajun Zhiyang Lotion / 中成药

AIM: To establish the quality standard of Shajun Zhiyang Lotion (Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis, Fructus Cnidii, Borneolum Syntheticum, etc.). METHODS: Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis and Fructus Cnidii and Borneolum Syntheticum were identified by TLC. The content of matrine was determined by HPLC. RESULTS: TLC identification was highly specific and the sports were clear. The linear range for matrine was in the range of 0.295 3-2.362 0 ?g and its average recovery was 100.38% and RSD was 1.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The quality of Shajun Zhiyang Lotion could be controlled effectively according to the quality standard.